El Capital cultural en estudiantes universitarios: Una comparación con el rendimiento académico, nivel educativo e ingresos económicos de sus padres.
Keywords:
Capital Cultural, rendimiento académico, nivel educativo e ingresos económicos de los padres, educación superior, HondurasAbstract
En el contexto de los estudiantes universitarios, este estudio analiza el capital cultural desde las tres formas de capital cultural que sugiere Bourdieu; incorporado, institucionalizado y objetivado, lleva a cabo comparaciones entre estas formas y tres variables categorías; el rendimiento académico, nivel educativo de los padres y los ingresos económicos. En la muestra participaron siete carreras e incluyó a 735 estudiantes de tres universidades hondureñas. Para la medición de las variables capital cultural incorporado e institucionalizado se construyó un instrumento tipo Likert, por la naturaleza de capital cultural objetivado se utilizó una escala tipo nominal. El Alpha de Cronbach se utilizó para medir la confiabilidad, el capital cultural incorporado e institucionalizado presentaron valores de .817 y 0.763. Las pruebas estadísticas de Kruskal-Wallis mostraron diferencias de medianas estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de capital cultural incorporado e institucionalizado a partir del rendimiento académico (p-valor: 0.000< α:0.05), de manera similar, se encontró diferencia a partir de grado educativo y los ingresos de los padres. El capital objetivado parece no estar asociado con el rendimiento académico, sin embargo, se encontró estar asociado con el nivel educativo de los padres y los ingresos económicos. Es estudio permite concluir que el capital cultural que muestran los estudiantes es un factor importante para el éxito educativo en el contexto universitario.
References
Archer, L., DeWitt, J., Osborne, J., Dillon, J., Willis, B., y Wong, B. (2012). Science aspirations, capital, and family habitus: how families shape children's engagement and identification with science. Am. Educ. Res. J. 49, 881–908. doi: 10.3102/0002831211433290
Bourdieu, P. (1973). Cultural reproduction and social reproduction, in Knowledge, Education, and Cultural Change: Papers in the Sociology of Education (ed. R. Brown), Tavistock Publications, London, pp. 71–112.
Bourdieu, P. (1979). “Los Tres Estados del Capital Cultural”, en Sociológica, UAM-Azcapotzalco, México, núm 5, pp. 11-17. 1.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Translated by Richard Nice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1987). Los tres estados del capital cultural. Sociológica, 5, 11-17. Recuperado de http://www.sociologicamexico.azc.uam.mx/index.php/Sociologica/article/view/1043
Bourdieu, P., (1986). The forms of capital. In: Richardson, J.G. (Ed.), Handbook of Theory and Research in the Sociology of Education. Greenwood Press, New York, pp. 241–258.
Bourdieu, P., Passeron, J.-C., 1990. Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. Sage, London.
Bourdieu, P., y Wacquant, L. J. (1992). An invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Bourdieu, Pierre, (1997). The forms of capital. In: Halsey, A.H., Lauder, Hugh, Brown, Phillip, Stuart Wells, Amy (Eds.), Education: Culture, Economy, and Society. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, pp. 46–58.
Bourdieu, Pierre, Passeron, Jean-Claude, (1977). Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. Sage, Beverly Hills, CA.
Breinholt, A., & Jæger, M. M. (2020). How does cultural capital affect educational performance: Signals or skills? The British Journal of Sociology, 71(1), 28–46. doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12711
Carolan, B. V., and Wasserman, S. J. (2015). Does parenting style matter? concerted cultivation, educational expectations, and the transmission of educational advantage. Sociol. Perspect. 58, 168–186. doi: 10.1177/0731121414562967
Castillo, G., M. (2018). El capital cultural familiar en la educación preuniversitaria Estrategias familiares de estudiantes del Colegio Central Universitario Mariano Moreno San Juan, Argentina
Cheadle, J. E., y Amato, P. R. (2011). A quantitative assessment of lareau's qualitative conclusions about class, race, and parenting. J. Fam. Issues 32, 679–706. doi: 10.1177/0192513X10386305
Cheng Yong Tan, Meiyan Lyu & Baiwen Peng (2020) Academic Benefits from Parental Involvement are Stratified by Parental Socioeconomic Status: A Meta-analysis, Parenting, 20:4, 241-287, DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2019.1694836
Cheng, S.-T., y Kaplowitz, S. A. (2016). Family economic status, cultural capital, and academic achievement: The case of Taiwan. International Journal of Educational Development, 49, 271–278. doi:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.04.002
De Graaf, N. D., De Graaf, P. M., y Kraaykamp, G. (2000). Parental cultural capital and educational attainment in the Netherlands: A refinement in the cultural capital perspective. Sociology of Education, 73, 92-111.
DiMaggio, P. (1982). Cultural capital and school success: The impact of status culture participation on the grades of U.S. high school students. American Sociological Review, 47, 189-201.
Dumais, S. A. (2015). Cultural Capital and Education. International Encyclopedia of the Social y Behavioral Sciences, 375–381. doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.10433-7
Evans, M. D. R., Kelley, J., Sikora, J., & Treiman, D. J. (2010). Family scholarly culture and educational success: Books and schooling in 27 nations. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 28(2), 171–197. doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2010.01.002
Gibb, S. J., Fergusson, D. M., and Horwood, L. J. (2012). Childhood family income and life outcomes in adulthood: findings from a 30-year longitudinal study in new zealand. Soc. Sci. Med. 74, 1979–1986. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.02.028
Jæger, M. M. (2011). Does Cultural Capital Really Affect Academic Achievement? New Evidence from Combined Sibling and Panel Data. Sociology of Education, 84(4), 281–298. doi:10.1177/0038040711417010
Jiménez. M. (2008). El papel de las madres en la motivación que presentan sus hijos hacia el aprendizaje escolar. Tesis de Doctorado no publicada: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Klimczuk, A. (2015). Cultural Capital. The Wiley Blackwell. Encyclopedia of Consumption and Consumer Studies, 1–3. doi:10.1002/9781118989463.wbeccs083
Košutić, I., (2017). The Role of Cultural Capital in Higher Education Access and Institutional Choice. Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, 7(1), 149-196.
Lareau, A. (2011). Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life, Second Edition with an Update a Decade Later, University of California Press, Berkeley.
Lehmann, W. (2007). “I just didn‘t feel like I fit in”: The role of habitus in university dropout decisions. Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 37(2), 89–110.
Lyons, T. (2006). “Choosing physical science courses: the importance of cultural and social capital in the enrolment decisions of high achieving students,” in Science and Technology Education for a Diverse World: Dilemmas, Needs and Partnerships, eds R. Janiuk, and E. Samonek-Miciuk (Lubin: Marie Curie-Sklodowska University Press), 369–384.
Moakler, M. W. Jr., and Kim, M. M. (2014). College major choice in stem: revisiting confidence and demographic factors. Career Dev. Q. 62, 128–142. doi: 10.1002/j.2161-0045.2014.00075.
Mohammadinia., T y Negahdari, S. (2017). Investigation of Factors Affecting the Cultural Capital (Case Study: Payame Noor and Islamic Azad Universities Students). American Journal of Sociological Research, 7(2): 72-76. DOI: 10.5923/j.sociology.20170702.02
Negewo, M.A., & Murugan, P. (2018). Cultural Capital and Students' Academic Performance: The Case of Ethiopian Higher Educational Institutions. Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review 34(1), 249-276. doi:10.1353/eas.2018.0008.
Roksa, J. y Potter, D. (2011) Parenting and academic achievement: intergenerational transmission of educational advantage. Sociology of Education, 84, 299–321.
Sen, Amartya (2000). Desarrollo y libertad, 8va. ed., Bogotá: Planeta.
Shapiro, T., Meschede, T., and Osoro, S. (2013). “The widening racial wealth gap,” in The Assets Perspective, eds R. Cramer and T. Shanks (New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan), 1–8.
Suhonen, T., y Karhunen, H. (2019). The intergenerational effects of parental higher education: Evidence from changes in university accessibility. Journal of Public Economics, 176, 195–217. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2019.07.001
Wu, C.-L., and Bai, H. (2015). From early aspirations to actual attainment: the effects of economic status and educational expectations on university pursuit. High. Educ. 69, 331–344. doi: 10.1007/s10734-014-9778-1
Xu, J., y Hampden-Thompson, G. (2012). Cultural Reproduction, Cultural Mobility, Cultural Resources, or Trivial Effect? A Comparative Approach to Cultural Capital and Educational Performance. Comparative Education Review, 56(1), 98–124. doi:10.1086/661289
Yamamoto, Y., & Brinton, M. C. (2010). Cultural Capital in East Asian Educational Systems. Sociology of Education, 83(1), 67–83. doi:10.1177/0038040709356567
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Paradigma: Revista de Investigación Educativa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
